Johann Gottlieb Fichte

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Johann Gottlieb Fichte bigraphy, stories - German philosopher

Johann Gottlieb Fichte : biography

19 May 1762 – 27 January 1814

Johann Gottlieb Fichte ( May 19, 1762 – January 27, 1814) was a German philosopher. He was one of the founding figures of the philosophical movement known as German idealism, which developed from the theoretical and ethical writings of Immanuel Kant. Fichte is often perceived as a figure whose philosophy forms a bridge between the ideas of Kant and those of the German Idealist Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Recently, philosophers and scholars have begun to appreciate Fichte as an important philosopher in his own right due to his original insights into the nature of self-consciousness or self-awareness. Like Descartes and Kant before him, he was motivated by the problem of subjectivity and consciousness. Fichte also wrote works of political philosophy and is considered one of the fathers of German nationalism.

Criticism

British philosopher Isaiah Berlin listed Fichte, along with his fellow German idealist G.W.F. Hegel, French materialist and utilitarian philosophe Claude Adrien Helvétius, Swiss collectivist philosophe Jean-Jacques Rousseau, French utopian socialist Henri de Saint-Simon, and Savoyard conservative Joseph de Maistre as thinkers who constituted the ideological basis for modern authoritarianism, in his book Freedom and Its Betrayal: Six Enemies of Human Liberty.Berlin, Isaiah, Freedom and Its Betrayal: Six Enemies of Human Liberty (Princeton University Press, 2003) ISBN 0-691-09099-8

Secondary sources

  • Arash Abizadeh. History of Political Thought 26.2 (2005): 334–359.
  • Daniel Breazeale. "Fichte’s ‘Aenesidemus’ Review and the Transformation of German Idealism" The Review of Metaphysics 34 (1980/1) 545–68.
  • Daniel Breazeale and Thomas Rockmore (eds) Fichte: Historical Contexts/Contemporary Controversies. Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1997.
  • Franks, Paul, All or Nothing: Systematicity, Transcendental Arguments, and Skepticism in German Idealism, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005
  • Dieter Henrich. "Fichte’s Original Insight" Contemporary German Philosophy 1 (1982) 15–52.
  • T. P. Hohler. Imagination and Reflection: Intersubjectivity. Fichte’s ‘Grundlage’ of 1794. The Hague: Nijhoff, 1982.
  • Wayne Martin. Idealism and Objectivity: Understanding Fichte’s Jena Project. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997.
  • Harald Muenster. Fichte trifft Darwin, Luhmann und Derrida. ‘Die Bestimmung des Menschen’ in differenztheoretischer Rekonstruktion und im Kontext der ‘Wissenschaftslehre nova methodo’ [Fichte Meets Darwin, Luhmann and Derrida. "The Vocation of Man" As Reconstructed by Theories of Difference and in the Context of the "Wissenschaftslehre nova methodo"]. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi, 2011 (Fichte-Studien-Supplementa, volume 28).
  • Frederick Neuhouser. Fichte’s Theory of Subjectivity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  • Peter Suber. ," Philosophy and Rhetoric, 23, 1 (1990) 12–42.
  • Robert R Williams. Recognition: Fichte and Hegel on the Other. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992.
  • Xavier Tilliette, Fichte. La science la liberté, pref. by Reinhard Lauth, Vrin, 2003
  • Gunther Zoller. Fichte’s Transcendental Philosophy: The Original Duplicity of Intelligence and Will. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
  • Rainer Schafer. Johann Gottlieb Fichtes >Grundlage der gesamten WissenschaftslehreVolume 1, 1848. 4th ed., 1889.
    • Volume 2, 1849. 4th ed., 1889.

  • The Science of Ethics as Based on the Science of Knowledge (1897). (Tr. A.E. Kroeger.)
  • The Science of Knowledge (1889). (Tr. A.E. Kroeger.)
  • The Science of Rights (1889). (Tr. A.E. Kroeger.)
  • (German) Versuch einer Kritik aller Offenbarung (Königsberg, 1792). 2nd ed., 1793.
  • The Vocation of Man (1848). (Tr. William Smith.) 1910.
  • The Vocation of the Scholar (1847). (Tr. William Smith.)
  • The Way Towards the Blessed Life (1849). (Tr. William Smith.)
  • On the Foundation of Our Belief in a Divine Government of the Universe (1798)