Fidel V. Ramos : biography
In 1998, Ramos hesitantly admitted that, contrary to what his government earlier claimed, the economic fundamentals of the country may actually be unsound. His admission came following the discovery of a secret memorandum issued by the National Economic Development Authority director-general urging the president to tell the Filipinos the truth about the state of the economy and that they ought to prepare for worse. According to former University of the Philippines president Francisco Nemenzo, Ramos "has done nothing to reverse or slow down the implementation" of the harmful IMF-imposed structural reforms.Philippines left confronts the economic crisis. Green Left. 18 February 1998. http://www.greenleft.org.au/node/18412
Presidency
At the time of his assumption into power, Ramos was the oldest person to become President of the Philippines at the age of 64. He is also the first Protestant President of the country and the only Filipino officer in history to have held every rank in the Philippine military from Second Lieutenant to Commander-in-Chief. The first few years of his administration (1992–1995) were characterized by economic boom, technological development, political stability and efficient delivery of basic needs to the people. During his time, he advocated party platforms as outline and agenda for governance. As in his case, he was the first Christian Democrat to be elected in the country, being the founder of Lakas-CMD (Christian-Muslim Democrats Party). He was one of the most influential leaders and the unofficial spokesman of liberal democracy in Asia.
Cabinet (1992-1998) http://malacanang.gov.ph/presidents/fifth-republic/fidel-ramos/
| OFFICE | NAME | TERM |
| President | Fidel Valdez Ramos | June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998 |
| Vice-President | Joseph Estrada | June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998 |
| Executive Secretary | Peter Garuccho | July 1, 1992 – September 19, 1992 |
| Edelmiro Amante | September 14, 1992 – June 30, 1993 | |
| Teofisto Guingona, Jr. | July 6, 1993 – May 19, 1995 | |
| Ruben Torres | May 20, 1995 – January 8, 1998 | |
| Alejander Aguirre | January 9, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Agrarian Reform | Ernesto Garilao | July 1, 1992 – June 30, 1998 |
| Secretary of Agriculture | Roberto Sebastian | July 1, 1992 – January 31, 1996 |
| Salvador Escudero III | February 1, 1996 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Budget and Management | Salvador Enriquez, Jr. | June 30, 1992 – February 1, 1998 |
| Emilia Boncodin | February 1, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports | Armand Fabella | July 1, 1992 – July 6, 1994 |
| Ricardo Gloria | July 7, 1994 – December 1997 | |
| Erlinda Piafanco | February 2, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Energy | Rufino Bomasang | December 1992 – January 11, 1993 |
| Delfin Lazaro | January 12, 1993 – September 19, 1994 | |
| Francisco Viray | September 20, 1994 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources | Angel Alcala | September 8, 1992 – June 30, 1995 |
| Victor Ramos | July 1, 1995 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Finance | Ramon del Rosario, Jr. | July 1, 1992 – June 1, 1993 |
| Ernest Leung | June 2, 1993 – January 31, 1994 | |
| Roberto de Ocampo | February 1, 1994 – March 30, 1998 | |
| Salvador Enriquez | April 1, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Foreign Affairs | Roberto Romulo | July 1, 1992 – April 1995 |
| Domingo Siazon, Jr. | May 1995 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Health | Juan Flavier | July 1, 1992 – January 30, 1995 |
| Jaime Galvez Tan | January 30, 1995 – July 5, 1995 | |
| Hilarion Ramiro, Jr. | July 10, 1995 – March 22, 1996 | |
| Carmencita Reodica | April 8, 1996 – June 29, 1998 | |
| Secretary of the Interiorand Local Government | Rafael Alunan III | July 1, 1992 – April 15, 1996 |
| Robert Barbers | April 16, 1996 – February 3, 1998 | |
| Epimaco Velasco | February 4, 1998 – May 30, 1998 | |
| Nelson Collantes | June 1, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Justice | Franklin Drilon | July 1, 1992 – February 1995 |
| Demetrio Demetria | February 1995 – May 1995 | |
| Teofisto Guingona, Jr. | May 1995 – February 1998 | |
| Silvestre Bello III | Februar 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Labor and Employment | Nieves Confessor | June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1995 |
| Jose Brillantes | May 8, 1995 – January 16, 1996 | |
| Leonardo Qursumbing | January 16, 1996 – January 26, 1998 | |
| Cresenciano Trajano | January 26, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of National Defense | Renato de Villa | June 30, 1992 – September 15, 1997 |
| Fortunato Abat | September 16, 1997 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Public Works and Highways | Jose de Jesus | June 30, 1992 – March 1, 1993 |
| Eduardo Mir | March 1, 1993 – June 1, 1993 | |
| Gregorio Vigilar | June 1, 1993 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Science and Technology | Ricardo Gloria | July 1, 1992 – July 6, 1994 |
| William Padolina | July 7, 1994 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Social Welfare and Development | Corazon Alma de Leon | July 1, 1992 – June 1994 |
| Lilian Laigo | 1995 – June 30, 1996 | |
| Secretary of Tourism | Narzalina Lim | MJune 30, 1992 – September 10, 1992 |
| Vicente Carlos | September 11, 1992 – July 3, 1995 | |
| Eduardo Pilapil | July 4, 1995 – March 29, 1996 | |
| Evelyn Pantig | March 29, 1996 – April 7, 1996 | |
| Guillermina Gabor | April 8, 1996 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Trade and Industry | Rizalino Navarro | July 1, 1992 – 1996 |
| Cesar Bautista | 1996 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Secretary of Transportation and Communications | Jesus Garcia | July 1, 1992 – April 1, 1996 |
| Amado Lagdameo, Jr. | April 1, 1996 – April 16, 1997 | |
| Arturo Enrile | April 16, 1997 – January 14, 1998 | |
| Josefina Lichauco | January 15, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Presidential Spokesperson | Rodolfo Reyes | July 1, 1992 – May 10, 1993 |
| Jesus Sison | May 11, 1993 – June 20, 1995 | |
| Hector Villanueva | June 21, 1995 – June 29, 1998 | |
| Chairpersonof the Commission on Higher Education | Ricardo Gloria | May 18, 1994 – June 30, 1995 |
| Angel Alcala | July 1, 1995 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Director-Generalof the National Economic and Development Authority | Cielito Habito | July 1, 1992 – June 30, 1998 |
| Solicitor General | Ramon Desuasido | June 30, 1992 – July 5, 1992 |
| Eduardo Montenegro | July 6, 1992 – August 10, 1992 | |
| Raul Goco | August 11, 1992 – September 22, 1996 | |
| Silvestre Bello III | September 23, 1996 – February 3, 1998 | |
| Romeo dela Cruz | February 4, 1998 – June 8, 1998 | |
| Silvestre Bello III | June 9, 1998 – June 30, 1998 | |
| Chairmanof the Metropolitan Manila Authority | Ismael Mathay | July 1, 1992 – 1994 |
| Propsero Oreta | 1994 – March 1, 1995 | |
| Chairmanof the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority | Propsero Oreta | March 1, 1995 – June 30, 1998 |
| National Security Adviser | Jose Almonte | July 1, 1992 – June 30, 1998 |
| Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process | Haydee Yorac | July 1, 1992 – August 9, 1993 |
| Oscar Santos | August 20, 1993 – March 22, 1994 | |
| Manuel Yan | March 22, 1994 – June 30, 1998 |
